Impact of Green HRM Practices on Organizational Sustainability in Emerging Economy

Abstract

This study evaluates the role of green human resource management (HRM) practices in the sustainability of the manufacturing industry in Pakistan during the period 2017–2024 with a special emphasis on the mediating effect of employee-driven green innovation. A total of 380 employees from major industrial centers including Karachi, Lahore, and Faisalabad participated in the study, and the data collected were analyzed through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using Smart PLS 4.0. The empirical findings reveal that Green HRM positively affects employee green innovation, job satisfaction, and overall sustainability of the organization. Moreover, green innovation is experienced by employees as a true partial mediator, thereby the contributing factor of filling an important gap in the existing literature. The research not only opens up new avenues for academic inquiry but also offers practical implications for HR professionals in their efforts to integrate sustainability into the organizational culture amid the environmental challenges specific to the manufacturing sector of Pakistan.